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Gender and Justice in the Courts:
A Report from the Georgia Commission on Gender Bias in the Judicial System

The Georgia Commission on Gender Bias in the Judicial System was created in 1989, at the request of the Council of Superior Court Judges. The Honorable Thomas O. Marshall, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia, charged the Commission with reviewing the court system to determine whether and to what extent gender bias exists, and to make recommendations to the Supreme Court as to what extent gender bias exists, and to make recommendations to the Supreme Court as to what should be done to correct any problems found. Findings and recommendations were made in the following areas.

  • Domestic Violence
  • Child Custody
  • Sexual Offense
  • Child Support
  • Treatment of Court Personnel
  • Adult Sentencing
  • Visitation
  • Court Facilities
  • Juvenile Justice System
  • Judicial Selections
  • Formal Language of the Courts
  • Judicial Ethics and Discipline
  • Treatment of Attorneys, Litigants and Witnesses in the Courtroom
  • Alimony and Equitable Distribution of Property


The Georgia Commission on Gender Equality was appointed in 1993 and charged with oversight of the implementation of the recommendations contained in Gender and Justice in the Courts. The Commission on Gender Equality also developed an Executive Summary of Gender and Justice in the Courts. Both documents can be accessed by contacting the Georgia Commission on Access and Fairness in the Courts.

In 1995 the Commission on Racial and Ethnic Bias issued its Final Report. The Report was compiled over a three year study period by the 35 members of the Commission, jointly chaired by Judge John H. Ruffin, Jr. and Paul Kilpatrick, Jr., Esq. The report includes a description of data collection methods, survey results, and public hearing summaries. Findings and recommendations on Georgia’s legal system are made in the following areas:

  • Attitudes & Awareness
  • Jury & Jury Pool
  • Access to the Court System
  • Juvenile Justice System
  • Criminal Justice System
  • Diversity in the Workforce
  • Legal representation for the indigent
 

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